Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome

A potentially fatal syndrome associated primarily with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS) which are in turn associated with dopaminergic receptor blockade (see RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE) in the BASAL GANGLIA and HYPOTHALAMUS, and sympathetic dysregulation. Clinical features include diffuse MUSCLE RIGIDITY; TREMOR; high FEVER; diaphoresis; labile blood pressure; cognitive dysfunction; and autonomic disturbances. Serum CPK level elevation and a leukocytosis may also be present. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199; Psychiatr Serv 1998 Sep;49(9):1163-72)

Also Known As:

NMS (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome); NMSs (Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome); Neuroleptic Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Neuroleptic Induced; Neuroleptic Malignant Syndromes; Syndrome, Neuroleptic Malignant; Syndromes, Neuroleptic Malignant; Neuroleptic-Induced Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome; Neuroleptic-Malignant Syndrome, Neuroleptic Induced

Nervous System Diseases: 14178
- Central Nervous System Diseases: 4213
  - Brain Diseases: 15694
    - Basal Ganglia Diseases: 346
      - Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: 1438
- Neurotoxicity Syndromes: 299
  - Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: 1438
Chemically-Induced Disorders: 2
- Poisoning: 39310
  - Neurotoxicity Syndromes: 299
    - Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome: 1438

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Disease

Drug/Important Bio-Agent (IBA)